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         Testing for chemical composition is fundamental in ascertaining whether the base material will meet requirements of certain codes or specifications once  you have struck that arc and chemical composition of material  meets electrode. Its imperative The Company writing the WPS  to have done their research but also equally important a qualified credentialed unbiased inspector qualified to oversee welding, testing of welders, NDE film audits, or other SCWI duties be utilized as a resource to absolve the liability from The Company as much as the liability can be absorbed. Because weld defects can sometimes be caused by variations in the base metal parent material or filler materials. High Carbon content not properly identified and the use of cellulosic low hydrogen rods would by nature introduce more carbon into the material and cause hydrogen induced stress crackings that some would misdiagnose as potentially being caused by rapid cooling when in fact the indication or defect would be much more sophisticated in nature and expensive to fix depending on the material type or application of the material so looking hard at the materials physical properties isn't all there is to it and requiring mill test reports, chemical comp sheets from mfg to come with the MTR's for the piping or weld material is crucial. Make no mistake though PAY ATTN to the WPS as heat treatment is most likely required but many many styles and time limits/temp limits exist for those as well. The deposited material of the electrode should be a VERY CLOSE match to the parent material on a composition level or you run the risk of weld discontinuities and other weld indications/defects.