By Matteo Loizzo
Plug and Abandonment is the last step in a well’s life cycle. When the structure is decommissioned, incremented tubulars are recovered, and steel is cut below the ground (or seabed) level. Then the site is restored. Initially, the goal of P&A was to prevent draining or flooding the neighbor’s reservoir, but soon resource protection - drinking water sources, but also future use for CO2 geological storage (CCUS) or geothermal power - became the driving force. Nowadays, methane emissions are a major concern. Whereas, on average, wells may emit a few tons per year of methane (less than 50 cows’ worth), they do so unevenly: 2% of wells are ...